What analysis is performed to characterize hazards associated with a laser?

The Preliminary Hazard Analysis is performed to characterize hazards associated with a laser by systematically identifying potential dangers and evaluating the risks they pose. This initial assessment serves as a foundational step in the risk management process, allowing organizations to pinpoint specific hazards related to laser operations before they occur.

By analyzing factors such as the laser's wavelength, power output, maximum permissible exposure levels, and the environment in which it will be used, the analysis helps in identifying which precautions and controls are necessary to mitigate risks. This proactive approach ensures that safety measures are integrated into laser use practices early on, thus preventing accidents and promoting safe usage.

In contrast, the other options focus on different aspects of risk management or evaluation. A Post-Incident Review typically occurs after an incident has already taken place, making it reactive rather than proactive. An Operational Risk Assessment looks at risks associated with an entire operation but is broader and does not specifically target laser hazards. Environmental Impact Analysis assesses how an activity affects the environment rather than the specific hazards posed by lasers. Each of these serves valuable roles in their contexts, but for the characterization of hazards specifically associated with laser usage, the Preliminary Hazard Analysis is the most appropriate choice.